Banana Heart Summer Essay

IV. Choose your favorite breezes/quotations. Explain and exactlyify.* Floating faith pack us brave, made us deathure consequences. I revere this downslope because it is true that faith made us brave. I have my give faith that truly makes me strong and continue my intent even lots of consequences get on with. I know that having faith gives grace in your heart and understanding that keeps you to fight.* The journey of life is non any easy.Yeah, so true, that life is not any easy because we do not know what go out come tomorrow or later. There are lots of things that may happen. level-headed or bad we can never say. But if we have faith, life will be at ease and enjoyable enough. Your faith will guide you and gives you inspiration to continue your life no matter what problems come.* primp is a sin, dignity is salvation. I am my mothers daughter. This adept is kind of reflective one. It makes me to realize something. I believe that this justifiable arrogance is a sin esp ecially if you are hurting somebody in a simple or hard way. And this dignity or the love that you keep will save you from your sin like pride. The last line saying, I am my mothers daughter gives me joy that Nenita shows grand love because shes proud that she is a daughter of her mother no matter what people say and even if her mother expresses disappointment towards Nenita.* Im afraid I could never find the balance amongst love and anger. These two strong emotions are sometimes hard to control. I like this line because I can relate my own experience. comparable being in love somehow gives happiness that can pound you crazy, do everything, sacrifices and all like. While being angry which I am scared of is really uncontrollable sometimes. Its so confusing that you do not what will happen next if love and anger collides.* It was just rain, just water. Without sweets or spices or condiments, without our expert or fumbling interventions to make it taste better, without our need to disguise its nature, but how we reveled in each drop. It explains the implication of water in our lives. I love these lines because it expresses simplicity likewise in having simple life. Being satisfied even if you only have enough.* unhappily love is not just water we do things to it.I laughed in this line because as to compare love in water, it is really different. conflicting in having water in your hand is so easy to consume and have it forever in just for example buying it dapple in love you need to give attention and effort until the end just to save and nourish it.* We understand that the devil and the nonpareil were adjoin partners in the balance of the universe. I believe that there is devil and angel in this world. That is why there is good and bad, happy and sad, light and dark, love and hate. Sometimes we find our lives more meaningful if we realize that we do luxate and change it and be better next time.* First love is also confusing.As a saying, True love ne ver die because this was the premiere time you fall in love to someone who you think is the topper person ever that you want to be with forever and the last. It is true that send-off love is too confusing because it surely drives you crazy. Unstoppable care and worries at the same time.* They say there is love at first surge between a mother and her firstborn. A great blessing it is to have a baby. The close to awaited gift from God that a twain want and need to. Yes, I believe that there is love at first sight between the mother and her first baby plainly because they are alike. Having this powerful feeling that you can only find, Love.V. Think of the most appropriate sound track for Banana Heart Summer, state tenability by giving ten lines or more from the song.

Foundation and Empire 4. The Emperor

CLEON II everydayly squalled The Great. The last strong emperor of the First Empire, he is important for the political and artistic renaissance that took make love on during his long reign. He is best known to ro mankindce, however, for his connection with Bel Riose, and to the common man, he is simply Rioses emperor moth. It is important non to allow events of the last form of his reign to overshadow forty age ofcyclopedia GalacticaCleon II was schoolmaster of the Universe. Cleon II also suffered from a painful and undiagnosed ailment. By the bodge twists of human subjects, the two distinguishments atomic number 18 not mutually exclusive, nor even peculiarly incongruous. at that place nourish been a wearisomely large number of precedents in history. except Cleon II cargond nothing for such precedents. To meditate upon a long call of similar cases would not ameliorate personal suffering an electrons worth. It soothed him as little to think that where his great-gran d arrest had been the pirate ruler of a dust-speck planet, he himself slept in the pastime palace of Ammenetik the Great, as heir of a line of Galactic rulers stretching backward into a tenuous past. It was at present no acknowledgment of comfort to him that the efforts of his father had cleansed the realm of its leprous patches of rebellion and restored it to the peace and bingle it had enjoyed under Stanel VI that, as a consequence, in the twenty-five years of his reign, not angiotensin-converting enzyme cloud of revolt had misted his burnished glory.The emperor plainlyterfly of the beetleweed and the Lord of All whimpered as he lolled his head backward into the exalt plane of force ab bulge his pillows. It yielded in a softness that did not touch, and at the pleasant gelidity, Cleon relaxed a bit. He sat up with obstruction and stared morosely at the distant walls of the grand chamber. It was a bad live to be alone in. It was too big. All the rooms were too big. and b etter to be alone during these crippling bouts than to endure the prinking of the courtiers, their lavish sympathy, their soft, pixilated dullness. Better to be alone than to watch those insipid masks behind which spun the problematical speculations on the chances of death and the fortunes of the succession.His thoughts hurried him. There were his three sons three backed youths full of promise and virtue. Where did they disappear on these bad days? Waiting, no doubt. Each watching the other and all watching him.He displace uneasily. And now Brodrig craved audience. The low-born, faithful Brodrig faithful beca procedure he was hated with a unanimous and cordial hatred that was the only point of agreement surrounded by the dozen cliques that divided his court.Brodrig the faithful favorite, who had to be faithful, since unless he owned the meteoric speed-ship in the Galaxy and took to it the day of the Emperors death, it would be the radiation-chamber the day after.Cleon II affe cted the smooth knob on the arm of his great divan, and the huge opening at the end of the room dissolved to transparency.Brodrig advanced along the blush carpet, and knelt to kiss the Emperors limp hand.Your health, sire? asked the Privy Secretary in a low tone of becoming anxiety.I live, snapped the Emperor with exasperation, if you buns call it life where every scoundrel who can read a take hold of medicine uses me as a blank and receptive field for his purposeless experiments. If in that respect is a conceivable remedy, chemical, physical, or nuclear, which has not heretofore been tried, why then, some learned babbler from the far comers of the realm pull up stakes contract tomorrow to try it. And still another newly-discovered book, or forgery morelike, pull up stakes be used as authority.By my fathers memory, he rumbled savagely, it knock againstms there is not a biped extant who can study a indisposition before his look with those same eyes. There is not one who can count a pulse-beat without a book of the quaints before him. Im sick and they call it unknown. The fools If in the course of millennia, human bodies learn new methods of falling askew, it stiff uncovered by the studies of the ancients and uncurable forevermore. The ancients should be alive now, or I then.The Emperor ran down to a low-breathed curse while Brodrig waited dutifully. Cleon II said peevishly, How umpteen are waiting outside?He jerked his head in the advocate of the door.Brodrig said patiently, The Great Hall holds the usual number.Well, allow them wait. State matters fulfil me. Have the Captain of the Guard announce it. Or wait, forget the state matters. Just have it announced I hold no audience, and let the Captain of the Guard look doleful. The jackals among them may betray themselves. The Emperor sneered nastily.There is a rumor, sire, said Brodrig, smoothly, that it is your heart that troubles you.The Emperors smile was little removed from the previous(pr enominal) sneer. It will hurt others more than myself if any act prematurely on that rumor. precisely what is it you want. Lets have this over.Brodrig rose from his kneeling posture at a gesture of permission and said, It concerns General Bel Riose, the legions Governor of Siwenna.Riose? Cleon II frowned heavily. I dont place him. Wait, is he the one who sent that quixotic pass on some months back? Yes, I remember. He panted for permission to enter a career of conquest for the glory of the Empire and Emperor.Exactly, sire.The Emperor laughed shortly. Did you think I had such generals left me, Brodrig? He seems to be a curious atavism. What was the decide? I believe you took care of it.I did, sire. He was instructed to forward spare information and to take no steps involving naval action without go on orders from the Imperium.Hmp. Safe enough. Who is this Riose? Was he ever at court?Brodrig nodded and his mouth depraved ever so little. He began his career as a cadet in the Guards ten years back. He had part in that affair off the Lemul Cluster.The Lemul Cluster? You know, my memory isnt quite Was that the time a juvenility soldier saved two ships of the line from a head-on smash by uh something or other? He waved a hand impatiently. I dont remember the details. It was something heroic.Riose was that soldier. He received a promotion for it, Brodrig said dryly, and an mesh to field duty as captain of a ship.And now Military Governor of a border system and still young. Capable man, BrodrigUnsafe, sire. He lives in the past. He is a dreamer of ancient times, or rather, of the myths of what ancient times used to be. Such men are harmless in themselves, but their queer lack of realism makes them fools for others. He added, His men, I understand, are completely under his control. He is one of your popular generals.Is he? the Emperor mused. Well, come, Brodrig, I would not wish to be served entirely by incompetents. They for sure set no enviable standard for faithfulness themselves.An incompetent rat is no danger. It is rather the capable men who must be watched.You among them, Brodrig? Cleon II laughed and then grimaced with pain. Well, then, you may forget the lecture for the while. What new development is there in the matter of this young conqueror? I hope you havent come merely to reminisce.Another message, sire, has been received from General Riose.Oh? And to what effect?He has spied out the land of these barbarians and advocates an expedition in force. His arguments are long and fairly tedious. It is not worth annoying Your Imperial Majesty with it at present, during your indisposition. Particularly since it will be discussed at length during the session of the Council of Lords. He glanced sidewise at the Emperor.Cleon II frowned. The Lords? Is it a question for them, Brodrig? It will mean further demands for a broader interpretation of the Charter. It always comes to that.It cant be avoided, sire. It might have been better if your rarified father could have beaten down the last rebellion without granting the Charter. But since it is here, we must endure it for the while.Youre right, I suppose. Then the Lords it must be. But why all this solemnity, man? It is, after all, a minor point. Success on a remote border with limited troops is scarcely a state affair.Brodrig smiled narrowly. He said coolly, It is an affair of a romantic nitwit but even a romantic idiot can be a deadly weapon when an unromantic rebel uses him as a tool. Sire, the man was popular here and is popular there. He is young. If he annexes a vagrant barbarian planet or two, he will pay back a conqueror. Now a young conqueror who has proven his skill to rouse the enthusiasm of pilots, miners, tradesmen and suchlike rabble is dangerous at any time. Even if he lacked the desire to do to you as your august father did to the usurper, Ricker, then one of our loyal Lords of the Domain may decide to use him as his weapon.Cleon II moved an ar m hastily and stiffened with pain. Slowly he relaxed, but his smile was weak, and his voice a whisper. You are a precious subject, Brodrig. You always suspect far more than is necessary, and I have but to take half your suggested precautions to be utterly safe. Well put it up to the Lords. We shall see what they say and take our measure accordingly. The young man, I suppose, has made no hostile moves yet.He report none. But already he asks for reinforcements.Reinforcements The Emperors eyes narrowed with wonder. What force has he?Ten ships of the line, sire, with a full support of auxiliary vessels. Two of the ships are equipped with motors salvaged from the old Grand Fleet, and one has a battery of power artillery from the same source. The other ships are new ones of the last fifty years, but are serviceable, nevertheless.Ten ships would seem adequate for any reasonable undertaking. Why, with less than ten ships my father won his first victories against the usurper. Who are these barbarians hes matching?The Privy Secretary raised a pair of supercilious eyebrows. He refers to them as the Foundation.The Foundation? What is it?There is no record of it, sire. I have searched the archives carefully. The area of the Galaxy indicated locomote within the ancient province of Anacreon, which two centuries since gave itself up to brigandage, barbarism, and sedition. There is no planet known as Foundation in the province, however. There was a vague reference to a group of scientists sent to that province ripe before its separation from our protection. They were to prepare an Encyclopedia. He smiled thinly. I believe they called it the Encyclopedia Foundation.Well, the Emperor considered it somberly, that seems a tenuous connection to advance.Im not advancing it, sire. No word was ever received from that expedition after the growth of anarchy in that region. If their descendants still live and retain their name, then they have reverted to barbarism most certainly.An d so he wants reinforcements. The Emperor bent a fierce glance at his secretary. This is most peculiar to propose to fight savages with ten ships and to ask for more before a blow is struck. And yet I begin to remember this Riose he was a handsome boy of loyal family. Brodrig, there are complications in this that I dont penetrate. There may be more importance in it than would seem.His fingers played idly with the intimation sheet that covered his stiffened legs. He said, I need a man out there one with eyes, brains and loyalty. Brodrig-The secretary bent a unassertive head. And the ships, sire? non yet The Emperor moaned softly as he shifted his position in gentle stages. He pointed a feeble finger, Not till we know more. Convene the Council of Lords for this day week. It will be a good opportunity for the new appropriation as well. Ill put that through and through or lives will end.He leaned his aching head into the soothing tingle of the force-field pillow, Go now, Brodrig, and send in the doctor. Hes the worst bumbler of the lot.

Alcohol Abuse Essay

alcohol-dependent beverage is a drink containing ethanol It is a lipid that is highly water soluble A psychoactive drug that has a depressant effect. Distribution Ethanol is distributed equally in all consistence tissue according to water content. metabolism A healthy proboscis can metabolize 15ml of alcohol/hour Alcohol is metabolized by the colored but 10% is excreted unchanged in the breath, sweat and the urineMetabolism of alcoholAlcoholAldehyde Dehydrogenase Acetaldehyde (Toxic) Alcohol Dehydrogenase H2 and Acetic Acid (Nontoxic)Alcohol Abuse A psychiatric diagnosis describing the recurring use of alcoholic beverages despite its negative consequences. Also termed as Alcoholism Pattern of drunkenness that results in harm to ones health, interpersonal relationships, or aptitude to work.Cause of Alcohol Abuse There is no known set out for alcohol malignment. The reason for alcohol abuse is complex. A. Psychodynamic Theory Attitudes and behaviors of the client Problems Stress, anxiety, slack Peer pressure. B. Biologic Theory G.enetic predisposition of the clientMANIFESTATIONS OF alcohol abuse Continue to drink, even when health, work, or family are being harmed Are non able to control drinking being unable to stop or reduce alcohol intake Miss work or school, or have a decrease in performance because of drinking read to use alcohol on most days to get by means of the day.Manifestations of alcohol abuse Do not care about or ignore how they dress or whether they are clean Try to conceal alcohol use Shake in the morning or after periods when they have not a drink Poor judgment Irritable.Complications of alcohol abuse Elevated liver function test Alcoholic Hallucinosis separation symptoms such as x Tremors x Sweating x Palpitations x Agitation Delirium tremens Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome Peripheral Neuritis Gastric ulcersTreatment for ALCOHOL twist around Abstinence from alcohol Medication treatment such as long-act ing Benzodiazepams tx of alcohol withdrawal Chlorhexidine (Librium) Diazepam (Valium) Lorazepam (Ativan) Disulfiram (Antabuse) Naltrexone (ReVia) Subject to a rehabilitation facility.Nursing Management Teach the uncomplaining the effects of chemical substance abuse on the body. In communicating with the patient be in a matter-of-fact and respectful manner. Maintain a positive, confineive environment. arm a therapeutic rapport with the patient by providing relief from his or her symptoms and meeting physiologic and safety needs. Present reality without challenging or escalating the patients anxiety and thought disturbances. Remain objective to the patient and the family. Closely monitor your patient during your shift to identify subtle changes and intervene appropriately. Assess mental status and sleep pattern, and provide emotional support to reduce anxiety.

Do Personality Traits Predict Behaviour?

Do spirit traits shout out behaviour? The trait come near to nature is foc utilize on differences amidst individuals. After type theorists such(prenominal) as Sheldon, who focused on dust parts to determine temperament, and lexical researchers such as Galton who provided the first mental lexicon of rowing to describe behaviour, the principles underpinning trait theory were first outlined by Gordon Allport (1937). He found that one English-language dictionary alone contained more than 4,000 words describing different temperament traits and suggested that it is how the traits come together that produces the uniqueness of all individuals. instead than relying on intuition or subjective judgement as did Freud and more otherwise neo-Freudians, trait theorists used objective appreciatements to examine their constructs. The use of figure analysis was a major breakthrough in the trait approach and Raymond Cattell was the first to make the use of this to reduce the lists of trait s to a smaller enumerate. This pronounced the beginning of the search to discover the basis structure of personality.This essay pass on discuss the issues surrounding the use of personality measures such as Eysencks personality questionnaire (EPQ) and Costa and Mc Craes Big flipper model (NEO-PIR) to shout behaviour. Cattells 16PF hasnt had much of an impact further personality measures that followed such as Eysencks personality questionnaire, who claimed that 3 types/ supertraits, Extraversion, Neuroticism and Psychoticism, make up the basic structure of personality, and Costa and mc Craes Big Five Model measuring Openness, Conscientious, Extraversion, agreeableness and Neuroticism, put on got received a mellow level of support.The personality factors are found cross-culturally, in children as closely as adults and specifically for Eysencks model in identical twins raise apart, evidence which seems to demonstrate that the observed personality differences are stable acros s time and carry a genetic basis, although the underlying heritability estimate used in studies has been questioned by Plomin.Nevertheless, trait measures have great practical applications they have been embraced by psychologists from almost every perspective and used by professionals work in a wide variety of settings, such as in the workplace and the education system etc, and are used to make primal judgements about an individuals behaviour in different stations. Employers have used scores from personality tests to make hiring and promotion decisions for many historic period (Roberts and Hogan, 2000).The methodology used to identify the dimensional structure of personality traits, factor analysis, is a great deal challenged for not having a universally-recognized basis for choosing among solutions with different numbers of factors. more(prenominal) than one interpretation provide be made of the same info factored the same way, and factor analysis cannot identify causality . However, some of the most commonality denunciations of trait theory centre on the fact that traits are often poor predictors of behaviour. While an individual may score high on assessments of a specific trait, he or she may not constantly behave that way in every situation.This was highlighted by Walter Mischel (1968, 1973) who stimulated a huge debate that raged until the early 1980s, concerning whether personality traits predict behaviour. At the marrow of this debate was the questioning of the stability of traits across situations, known as the personality paradox. He demonstrated with his CAPs model that there is a analyzable interaction between situations and enduring individual personality differences, however the effectuate of many variables still have to be examined.Mischel criticised how personality measures were interpreted and used, demonstrating that on average personality measures statistically account for only around 10% of the variance observed in behaviour, t herefore 90% is due to something other than the effect of personality. This reflects the fact that many factors contribute to any one adult male of behaviour, such as the characteristics of the specific situation, the persons mood at that time, competing goals, etc. However an argument in trait theories defence is in regard to the . 30, . 40 correlation co-efficient. How high does a correlation have to be before its considered important?Research by Funder and Ozer (1983) wait oned at loving psychological findings often cited for their important findings and found that they had similar co-efficient of . 36 and . 42. In their defence trait theorists argue that researchers often fail to provide a strong link between traits and behaviour is because they dont measure behaviour correctly, only measuring one behaviour. As an alternative researchers can aggregate data, one get hold of looked at trait measures of aggression and the number of aggressive acts students preformed, not only o n one day but over the course of two weeks and found a correlation of . 1 between the aggregated measure and the trait score (Wu and Clarke, 2003). Burger (2008) states that when all the thickening influences on our behaviour are taken into account we probably should be impressed that personality psychologists can explain even 10%. Mischels criticism has had beneficial effects in work settings, with the use of multiple measures of personality such as, psychometric assessments, interviews, individual and group tasks used together as an assessment package to prevent overreliance on the psychometric tool.Furthermore, Mischels views led researchers to look very critically at their methodologies, admitting that measures were often weak and the selection of which traits to study was sometimes inappropriate (Funder, 1999,2001). Today most psychologists agree that the person and the situation react to determine behaviour ( Maggnusson, 1990) and Swan and Seyle (2005) conclude their review o n Mischels work by saying that there are still instances where it is reformative to make distinctions between personal and situational determines of behaviour.

Athlete Classification

Athletes the Good, the Bad, and the Ugly As a casual reader of the sports section of this newspaper, you come across umpteen articles depicting the triumphs of local athletes. However, very(prenominal) r atomic number 18ly do these articles describe the genuine athlete behind the victor. Athletes come in each sorts of sizes and shapes. They range from the improbably quick to the horribly uncoordinated. Some be great aggroupmates while separates would so 1r be a one man group. Certain athletes forgatherk tabu attention from the people around them while others atomic number 18 modest and period in the background.The fact of the matter is that in that respect is a wide spectrum of distinct types of athletes that exist in this world and no two athletes are precisely the same. However, each can be put into one of nine usual categories that they better(p) fit. General Paton the athlete who stands out as the captain of the squad by helping their fellow teammates and man aging their team. They are a well-rounded athlete, clean skilled at their sport, yet more importantly excellent at inspiring their team to perform to the best of their ability. This athlete is the backbone of the team and without them chaos could quite easily break out.The other athletes look up to this leader and follow their orders. When your team is losing, the leader is the one who raise ups everyone together and says issues want We can still win this and Dont give up yet, were still in this one. You can expect to see these athletes to do great things in their sports careers and in their regular lives. Effort queen mole rat/Queen the athlete who is known for doing everything they can to improve their game, from staying after exemplification to do extra to going to the gym every day onward practice to workout. They are extremely motivated, determined and dedicated to what they do.These athletes are the ones that coaches very oftentimes want to be on their team. These pl ayers are known for macrocosm highly beneficial not only to the teams success, save also to the other players around them. They set a great example for others around them and can leave a lasting mark on people. They may be referred to as a gym rat, but get dressedt think thatd a unhealthful thing because when it comes to game time, dont be surprised if they outperform the debate teams star player. The Natural the athlete who was wedded the open of natural gymnasticism. They are known as the MVP of their team.Most often, they are troika sport athletes who do pretty well in each. They dont curb to work as voiceless as others to be qualified to have relative success as they are often of course strong and talented. galore(postnominal) other people loathe these athletes because they have all the tools they accept to succeed. There is no guarantee that these athletes ordain be uncorrupted teammates or have unafraid work ethic, but coaches can be assured that these peopl e are a great place to manikin upon and demand a team around. The Anti-athlete the athlete who was not given much natural ability. They are weak, uncoordinated, and clumsy.They can get by vie to the highest degree sports, but they have limited options as about sports require courteous athletes at a com favoriteitive level. They are the benchwarmer of teams, the weak link in the chain. Other athletes get easily frustrated with these players when they make mis turn backs even though it may not be entirely their fault. Although their athletic output may not be as high as almost would manage, no one can question their effort and dedication. They play sports not because they are good at them, but because they truly love them, and in some cases, that can bring someone further than natural talent. Timmy/Tina Tries Too a lot the athlete who overworks and goes beyond whats necessary in unimportant situations. Everyone has seen at least one of this type of person before, whether the y know it or not. The most common place to find these types of people is in gym class. They are the ones that you see coming to every class and trying as hard as they can to win. Many people dont like these people too much because they exert themselves in unnecessary situations. Many times, these people develop a poor reputation as a try hard among their friends.They may not be the most talented person there, but you can always count on seeing them breaking a sweat. Sammy/Susie Suck up the athlete who does everything they can to gain up to their coach. They try to get all the brownie points they can in hopes of getting more playing time. They follow all directions given by their coach, they help out whenever possible, and they give full effort when the coach is looking. They are very similar to a teachers pet that you would most commonly find in elementary school. Much like the other students find these eachers pets to be annoying, a coachs pets teammates often think that these pe ople are annoying and not fun to be around. The Tornado the athlete who is overly aggressive when playing sports. They are known to push other players around and often get in trouble with the ref. Also, they are a coachs incubus as they are hard to control. The athletes arent always good to have on a team because they give the team a bad reputation and make it seem as though everyone on the team plays like they do. Also, they are much more prone to world benched and as a consequence, letting the rest of the team muckle.Many times, other athletes dont like participating with people like this because these aggressive people shit the fun out of competition. .The Crowd Pleaser the athlete who likes to suggest off in front of their fans. They wear the flashy equipment, they perform the crazy stunts, and they are the assertive personality in the locker room. To give you a clear look-alike of this kind of athlete, just imagine the player that has the best gear, the flashiest jersey, performs the coolest moves, and seems to put on a show for their fans.It isnt uncommon for their teammates to call them a show boat right to their face. But that doesnt stop them from doing what they do best because they thrive on the attention. Garbage Can the athlete who throws away their athletic abilities and coasts. They are lazy, unmotivated, and not dedicated at all. They may be one of the best athletes around but they dont apply their abilities. Everyone knows at least one person who completely wastes the natural talent that was given to them.Its a shame to see these athletes waste talent when there are other athletes with considerably less talent who work doubly as hard. Many people dont like these athletes because they take their abilities for granted and dont realize that half of the battle towards being successful in a sport has already been fought for them. All they need to do is put in just the slightest bit of effort and they will start to see considerable success. In most cases, these athletes are looked down on by others and carry a negative connotation with them over they go.There is a lot more to a teams success than just the wins. The players involved are what really define a team and they ultimately determine how successful a team can be. You dont always need a team full of superstars to win. This is where some sports coaches go wrong. They think they can build a championship timber team from a bunch of players that would rather prove they are good than their team. Its important to remember that it takes the right combination of these nine types of athletes to make the perfect team.

Martha’s Vineyard Essay

AbstractI chose Marthas vineyard as the subject of my inform Context topic. Marthas vineyard is tender Eng belt downs largest resort island and lies septenary miles off the coast of mantelpiece Cod in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. It is accessible by ferry or plane only. The island is roughly i hundred square miles with 124.6 miles of tidal shoreline. Marthas vinery has a year-round population of about 20 jet residents that grows to unrivalled(a) hundred thousand in the summer with an additional twenty louver thousand visitors coming and going on the ferries every day. in that location are six towns that makeup the island Aquinnah, Chilmark, Edgartown, oak Bluffs, westerly Tisbury and vinery harbor (also known as Tisbury). The island is best known for its miles of beautiful beaches, quaint villages and inwrought beauty. On the vineyard there is only one regional gritty school which offers a vocational program for its students along with five universe elementary schools, one public maper school, several private pre- schools and an quick home schooling network. The school form also provides for children with special require from ages triplet to twenty two.Assignment 2 educate Context PaperI chose Chilmark, a village located on Marthas Vineyard to write my paper on. Marthas Vineyard is located about seven miles off the coast of Cape Cod. It is a triangular shaped island that is gild miles wide and twenty three miles long with a total land area of approximately one hundred square miles and 124.6 miles of tidal shoreline. You erect travel by ferry to reach the island, which takes about forty five minutes from the mainland, or you can take a plane that testament fly you to the only airport on the island located in its center. It is New Englands largest resort island.There are six towns (or villages) on the island Aquinnah, Chilmark, Edgar Town, Oak Bluff, West Tisbury and Vineyard Haven. There is one regional high school, one public ch arter school and five public elementary schools serving the Vineyard. These are administered through the office of the superintendent of schooltimes.The All-Island tame Committee is calm of members from all of the towns. The Up-Island regional District committee hires the superintendent and oversees shared programs that dish out all Island schools. These resources are available through Central Administration overseer of Schools, Assistant Supt. for Curriculum & Instruction, Director of Student Support Services, Assistant to the Superintendent for Business Affairs, Financial Administrative Assistants, Administrative Secretary, Business Secretaries, Treasurer, Grant Administrator, Receptionist/ salesclerk and Special Education Secretary. Special Services are available such as Title 1 Coordinator, Early Childhood Coordinator/Consultant, Occupational Therapists, School Psychologists, Speech Pathologists, Autism Specialist and ELL Director. Chapter 766 provides for the rearingal n eeds of children with special needs. The school system provides for every child, regardless of handicap, between the ages of 3 and 22.The law requires parental appointment and a network of services including that of a school psychologist, occupational therapist, and psychiatric and nursing services under the direction of a special education administrator. The school system also operates a special needs preschool, called draw Headway (http//www.mvy.com/Vineyard_Community/ universe_School.aspx rarified 2012). I chose Chilmarks school system and the Up-island regional District as my area of focus. The Population of Chilmark was eight hundred and ninety four as of July 2009 with the estimated median household income of fifty seven thousand, one hundred and eight dollars. The major business of Chilmark is construction with Carpentry beingness the most popular occupation. The Chilmark School serves students in grades K-5.Chilmark students in grades 6-8 attend the West Tisbury School a nd Marthas Vineyard regional heights School serves grades 9-12 for the total island. Students can also apply to The Vineyard Public Charter School. The enrolment indicators for these schools are as follows Chilmark Elementary School enrolled fifty two students, W. Tisbury enrolled three hundred and twenty five students for grades pre k thru 8, Marthas Vineyard Regional High School enrolled six hundred and sixty nine students and The Vineyard Public Charter School enrolled one hundred and eighty one students for the 2011-2012 school year. Chilmarks Public Elementary/Middle School commission Statement states that,Chilmark Elementary School is committed to equipping students with the tools they need for academic, personal and social graspment.Chilmark Elementary School enables every student to reach their highest dominance by establishing a curriculum that meets or exceeds government standards for education providing adulterous programs that develop childrens mental, physical an d social skills and partnering with parents and the community to create an milieu geared to the success of all students( http//massachusetts.webschoolpro.com/chilmark-elementary-school_MA00707740010/mission.htmlAugust 2012). West Tisburys School delegating Statement states that The West Tisbury School staff strives to provide a unshakable academic foundation, to inspire a love of acquirement for the sake of learning, to rear an mind of basic human values with a working cognition of the rights and responsibilities associated with those values, and to promote independent thinking through cooperative and inclusive learning while maintaining the unique values of our diverse, rural island community.We strive To teach full-blooded academic skills, to instill a love of learning and to promote an understanding of human values (http//wtisburyschool.org/modules/cms/pages.phtml?pageid=225325&SID August 2012). Marthas Vineyard Regional High Schools Mission Statement states that Marthas V ineyard Regional High School will provide a safe, active pedagogy and learning environment where students strive for academic excellence and endeavor to achieve the high level of intellectual and interpersonal skills needed for success in a culturally diverse society. Each students educational experience will prepare him/her to be a self-confident lifelong learner, able to set and achieve individual goals, and to become a modify member of a humane and democratic society (http//www.mvrhs.org/pos/POS-2011-2-Eng.pdf1August 2012).The Marthas Vineyard Public Charter School is a K-12 public school. Families do non pay tuition. An application is filled out and then the student dead body is drawn from a lottery. The mission statement of the Marthas Vineyard Public Charter School states that It is the mission of The Marthas Vineyard Public Carter School to create a public school that willcultivate life-long learners in a multi-aged, project-based setting. To thisend, each student in the K -12 school works from a personal education plan that sets specific obtainable and challenging goals.In addition to meeting the state mandated curriculum frameworks, students experience a gamy array of other educational arenas outside of the academic classroom. The entire Island serves as campus where an educational alliance of parents, educators, businesses, artisans and community services is formed (http//www.mvy.com/Vineyard_Community/Marthas_Vineyard_Public_Charter_School.aspx August 2012). The chart below shows some of the MCAS ratings for the school year 2010-2011Massachusetts Elementary School set upings3rd, 4th Grades featureMCAS English wording Arts & MCAS Mathematics2010-2011Rank* (of 895)School District CityTisbury Elementary Tisbury Vineyard HavenHighGrade meat students (2010) Student/ teacher Ratio (2010) MCAS, avg Mathematics** (2011) 8 305 8.2 88.5MCAS, avg English Language Arts** (2011) MCAS Combined Rank Change from 2011) 86.5 175.0 up 23 School District CityW. Tisbury ElementaryUp island Regional West TisburyHighGrade Total students (2010) Student/ Teacher Ratio (2010) MCAS, avg Mathematics** (2011)8 276 7.8 79.5MCAS, avg English Language Arts** (2011 MCAS Combined Rank Change from 2010 82.0 165.9 down 19(http//www.schooldigger.com/go/MA/schoolrank.aspx August 2012Reference Listhttp//www.mvy.com/Vineyard_Community/Town_Information.aspxhttp//www.mvy.com/Vineyard_Community/Public_Schools.aspxhttp//www.mvy.com/Vineyard_Community/Education.aspxhttp//www.mvrhs.org/pos/POS-2011-2-Eng.pdfhttp//profiles.doe.mass.edu/state_report/enrollmentbygrade.aspxhttp//www.city data.cim/city/Chilmark-Massachusetts.htmlhttp//massachusetts.webschoolpro.com/chilmark-elementary-school_MA00707740010/mission.htmlhttp//profiles.doe.mass.edu/mcas/performance_level.aspx?linkid=32&orgcode=07740010&orgtypecode=6&http//www.schooldigger.com/go/MA/schoolrank.aspxhttp//wtisburyschool.org/modules/cms/pages.phtml?pageid=225325&SIDhttp//www.mvy.com/Vineyard_Community/Marthas_V ineyard_Public_Charter_School.aspx

Relationship Between Civil Rights Movement & Feminist Agenda

In this try on I will examine relationship between cultured Rights trgoal and how the feminist agenda of second wave feminist movement. Furthermore, I will excuse how women shaped the Civil Rights Movement, and in addition how they rede very wellheadd their own feminism because of the ways in which they interacted with the causal agent. In 1952, the separate but equal laws were once again challenged in the case of Brown vs. the Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. The case was based on the segregation of educational facilities. The NAACP changed their focus from integrating higher educational facilities to merged grade schools.After the change, the NAACP stepped in on this case and argued that segregated educational facilities were nonequivalent, degrading to black students, and violated the fourteenth amendments guarantee for equal protection. On May 17, 1954, the coercive Court ruled that segregated schools were inherently unequal and did violate the fourteenth amendment . The decision of Plessy vs. Ferguson had finally been overturned and public schools were to be integrated. Brown vs. the Board of Education was a victory for the blacks, however southerly cleans reacted to the courts decision with extreme racism.There were two major reasons for the civil rights movement one was Impact of WWII and Brown vs. Board of Education. Females played commodious share in Civil rights movement. One sit-in involved Anne glowering the reservoir of Coming of Age in Mississippi. During this sit-in, whites at the lunch counter attacked Anne Moody and other activist, but they didnt give up until they were escorted out by the police. This is what happened on the evening of December l, 1955 put took the passenger vehicle because she was feeling particularly degenerate after a long sidereal day at work.She was sitting in the middle incision, glad to be off her feet at last, when a white man boarded the cumulus and demanded that her row be cleared because the white section was full. The others in the row obediently moved to the back of the bus, but set just didnt feel like standing for the rest of the journey, and she quietly refused to move. At this, the white bus number one wood threatened to call the police unless Parks gave her up her seat, but she refused to give up her seat and bus driver called the police and they arrested her. So this respectable, middle-aged woman was taken to the police station, where she was fingerprinted and jailed.She was allowed to nettle one phone call. She called a NAACP lawyer, who arranged for her to be released on bail. word of honor of Parkss arrest spread quickly, and the Womens Political Council decided to protest her treatment by organizing a boycott of the buses. Women designed bus boycott. Jo Ann Robinson who was College Professor who talked to her friend who was lawyer to help Mrs. Parks and also he helped to spread the news of bus boycott. The boycott was set for December 5, the day of Par kss trial, but Martin Luther King, Jr. nd other prominent members of Montgomerys black community realized that here was a chance to take a firm stand on segregation.As a result, the Montgomery Improvement Association was formed to organize a boycott that would continue until the bus segregation laws were changed. Leaflets were distributed telling people not to ride the buses, and other forms of transport were laid on. The boycott lasted 382 days, causing the transport Company to lose a vast amount of money. Everyone played and seek their best to keep up with the boycott. They walked to work etc.One day this old lady who looked very tired and this white men byword her and offered her to ride in his car, she responded my feets is tired, but my soul is rested Meanwhile, Parks was fined for flunk to obey a city ordinance, but on the advice of her lawyers she refused to pay the fine so that they could challenge the segregation law in court. The following year, the U. S. Supreme Court ruled the Montgomery segregation law illegal, and the boycott was at last called off. Yet Parks had started far more than a bus boycott. Other cities followed Montgomerys example and were protesting their segregation laws. in like manner they did other acts such as The March on Washington, Martin Luther Kings speech. Mean reason they had many organiztion which were orgainized very well such as NAACP, SNCC, and also their success was because Non violent direct confrontation. They knew the consequences jailbreak the rules but they desire and wants were much more stronger. morsel wave of feminism they want a right too This protest begin in 1950 and died in 1984. They want to have equal pay, higher education, and want to end the discrimination. Second sway feminism had two branches, Liberal Feminists and source Feminists also Working part women played great role too.Liberal Feminists objectives were for comparability within the existing social structure and also equality with men . However, Radical Feminists objectives were to breakdown of the system of power that sustains mail advantage in either sphere of life, including economics, politics, the family, religion, law, education, science, and medicine, as well as in the interactions of everyday life. Also Radical women are not defined as white, middle class agenda rather social class and ethnicity/race define the issues face up women also.The relationship between the Civil Rights Movement and the feminist agenda of Second wave feminism those women played great role in both(prenominal). They both of these want to have equal rights, at work, school, and also end the discrimination. Civil Rights Movement and Second Wave of Feminism struggled greatly but they had great success. In conclusion, I would say that Civil Rights Movement and Second Wave of Feminism struggled a lot but after all it was value it. They had many similarities and women played great roles organizing meetings and interaction with other w omen that brought unity and that call for them into success.

International Trade & Finance Speech Essay

International administer is essentially when both or much countries flip goods and services. Many countries export their goods and services to sepa direct countries and in turn, they can besides import goods and services from different countries to into their own. Advancements with engineering have made it a lot easier for global trade to press place. Communication in the midst of countries is a good example. Communicating has vastly improve and helped to simplify the trading process. Some technologically advanced countries, like lacquer and china have bountiful natural resources and that has a heavy bear upon on us. The United States is one of the grownupst contributors to international trade. Our GDP (Gross national Product), is greatly impacted due to being huge import consumers. The United States relies firmly on harvests from other countries and we import much more than we export.Not further does this impact our GDP by lowering it as we import more than expor t, is also has an impact on our domestic mark outets because we be buying more from other countries. In need to Foreign Exchange Rates, it is very fundamental to know how they are determined. Considering frugal harvest within a terra firma is important, governments can make real that fiscal and monetary policies are in place to ensure that growth continues. Due to the goods and services that are traded surrounded by different countries around the world, at that place are foreign exchange gait payments that are required to be paid. You go away see the foreign exchange rate differ from ground to country. What happens when there is a free of imports brought into the U.S.? key a specific example of a product with an import surplus and the impact that it has on the U.S. Businesses and Consumers involved.First, it is important to try and keep imports and exports balanced. However, when one exceeds the other, it is called a surplus. Having a surplus of imports can create a lower damage for the consumer, and have a positive effect on the employment rate of the country where the product was obtained. Seafood is a good example of a product with surplus. There are several states, mainly coastal states that have fishing boats out at sea for many months catching lobster, fish, crabs, etc. The seafood that is stack away is used for both domestic gross revenue agreements and international export. This allows for several options when selecting fish, etc at the grocery store. It also increases your selection when out dining at a restaurant.A downfall could be that a surplus of seafood, fish, etc could result in a declining need for domestic fisherman to work and this could cause layoffs and cutbacks. What are the effects of International Trade to GDP, Domestic markets and University Students? GDP stands for Gross Domestic Product and international trade. GDP is the market value of all lowest goods and services produced in an economy in a one stratum per iod. (Colander, 2010) International trade is the exchange of goods and services between two or more countries. International trade greatly affects the GDP due to the concomitant that is we are able to have goods produced outside of the United States and the imported for sale at a cheaper cost than if we were to produce here, the consumer demands will increase and thence help the GDP.Domestic markets are also affected by international trade as they have the ability to have products manufactured outside the United States at cheaper rates. This takes away from domestic manufactured product sales and could increase unemployment. On the reverse, it could affect domestic markets positively, as domestic retailers could mark up the products to consumers and keep the spare profit. International trade affects University learners in a much different way. Suppose there was an increased demand for modernistic ideas and qualified individuals to help keep our domestic markets alive? A Univers ity student could be a huge asset there. Also, the higher the GDP, more jobs will be available. If the GDP crashes, graduates should probably look for a job in another country.How do Government choices in regards to dutys and quotas affect international relations and trade? Both International relations and trade are greatly affected by government terminations that are made about taxs and quotas. Tariffs are the most familiar and most commonly used type of trade compelion. Tariffs are most often recognized as taxes here in the United States. Quotas are quantity limits that are placed on imports. These limits are decided by the government.The choices made by the government as it relates to additional fees for imports and limitations placed on the amount of imports directly affects international relations and trade. The positive side to this is that the government has the ability to control trade between themselves and other countries. This allows the United States to be picky. The ability to raise or lower tariff amounts gives us the power to possibly do business with underprivileged countries but by lowering the tariffs as an incentive. They can also raise the tariff as a means to end relations with a country. What are foreign exchange rates? How are they determined?In regard to Foreign Exchange Rates, it is very important to know how they are determined. Considering economic growth within a country is important, governments can make certain that fiscal and monetary policies are in place to ensure that growth continues. Due to the goods and services that are traded between different countries around the world, there are foreign exchange rate payments that are required to be paid. You will see the foreign exchange rate differ from country to country. Why doesnt the U.S. simply restrict all goods approach in from China? Why cant the U.S. just minimize the amounts of imports coming in from all other countries?To put it simply, it is not possible for the U.S. to restrict all goods from China. This is mainly because there is an enormous trade deficit between us and China. China currently holds a very large circumstances of our nations debt and it would be a bad business decision to try and end relations when we still have a large debt owed to them. Not only do we have a large debt owed to China, the U.S. consumer has a very large demand for products that are made in China. China is one of the largest manufacturers of electronics and other luxury items, like the Iphone, Ipad, Ipod that we have come to aver upon. If we were to restrict all goods, we would not only destroy our economy, but also Chinas economy.ReferencesColander, D.C. (2010). Macroeconomics. (8th ed). Boston, MA Mcgraw-Hill/Irwin Trading Economics. (2012) United States Consumer Confidence. Retrieved from http//www.tradingeconomics.com/united-states/consumer-confidence.

The Early 1800’s, The Dawn of a New Era Had Begun

By the early 1800s, the dawn of a naked as a jaybird-sprung(prenominal) era had begun. Family and home life was changing as well as the communities around them. There was a fast growing need to name products like clothing, quickly and efficiently. This new era brought astir(predicate) the mechanical patience that created factories, which could happen upon this need. But who would work in these factories if the men were moving westmost? By the 1840s the necessity to find workers for these factories had produced major social careens-changes which restrain on until to daylight.Before this m, most all clothing was spun and woven in the home by women. But by the 1840s, most was produced in factories denounce up in what were referred to as mill towns. Lowell Massachusetts was atomic number 53 much(prenominal) town. This change created a whole new idea of what womens duties were, interior(prenominal) or money earning laborers? Women had previously only(prenominal) been seen a s domestic and having one goal, that of being a housewife.Their move into town to provide a custody for the clothing factories sparked controversy in many eyes. Some people brand them mill girls who were doomed and unmarriable. Others thought of them as adventurers, with the fancy of bringing new fashions, books and ideas home with them. But the statistics show the average working life at a Lowell factory was only three years. many another(prenominal) of the women who returned home were crush(p) and never married, because they were characterized by she has worked in a factory.In the factories, women were looked down uponseen only as people who flowed in to the factory day in and day out earning their keep, spinning and weaving for the rest of their lives. They were not laudable of earning an education, and were considered socially and intellectually inept. As time went by, the bigotry began to wear external. The factories flourished with women who had perception and potential . One man who hollered one of the mills was noted to have gesture to all the women in the mill, This sign of respect was usually reserved for ladies whom ordering regarded as upper class. As time wore on, mill girls were eventually heeded as ladies, women worth of respect.Eventually, people started noticing that the mill girls were spending their free time offending themselves. some had circles of natural selection that allowed them to cultivate and stimulate their minds. They filled the churches, libraries and lecture halls. Many of the women were grittyly respected by clergyman and lecturers. They testified that the womens spirits were high along with their intellect. Inevitably, women were encouraged to finish school and r to each one for goals. This shows a change in how women were perceived. They were no longer lone mill workers without anything to offer society each was an individual with purpose and worth. Though this was happening, the conditions of the factories were not changing.The Lowell factories provided boarding houses for the women, each housing up to sixty girls. To onlookers, the houses were so charming that many came to visit just to see how the women lived. The perceptions of outsiders were that the women worked and lived in great conditions. They enjoyed their jobs and were hearty and content, but this was not the case. The women often worked twelve or more hours a day and were only allowed up to an hour and forty-five minutes for meals, depending on the time of year. The factories were not properly ventilated and miserablely lit. Eliza R. Hemmingway recalls that at any given time six or more women were out due to illnesses.. Miss Sarah G. Bagley submitted the start petition to the Lowell Corporation that was signed by Mr. John Quincey Adams Thayer, and eight snow and fifty others. This petition called for improvements in the overall working conditions within the factories. These demands for better conditions lit a spark that was the beginning of what is a modern day OSHA, a systematic law of nature for all employers and employees. The corporation acknowledged that their demands were bonnie and considerable, but believed they were not the source for solving the problems the mill workers faced. They felt that the workers in a capitalistic system had their own bargaining power and were check to management. As a result, the Massachusetts Legislature did not pass into law the provisions outlined in the petition.Around this same time poor immigrants started pouring into the United States by the thousands. They became willing workers, not complaining about conditions as the native workers did. Could this be why the corporation did not meet the womens needs? The immigrants would be happy to take over the jobs for less(prenominal) money and in the same conditions. What does this say for the corporation? Were they steering away from caring the women working in their factories, or was it just easier to use immigra nts? Or maybe, they feared the switching of womens class and roles in society? They were not induce for women of independence and means.Regardless, society now had to deal with a more independent, confident working class woman. No longer needed to fill the immersion level, low-paying jobs in the mills, and no longer interested in going approve home to be homemakers, women entered society as productive members of the workforce. This transition is button up taking place today.

Your Title Goes Here

The Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons hostility began after editorial cartoons depicting the Islamic visionary Muhammad were published in the Danish news typography Jyllands-Posten on September 30, 2005. Danish Muslim organizations staged protests in response. As the controversy has grown, some or all of the cartoons have been reprinted in newspapers in more than fifty opposite countries, leading to violent protests involving hundreds of deaths, particularly in Muslim countries.I regain this is a suitable story to explore and analyze media bias and discriminative overcompensateing, as this is a highly controversial issue between a Muslim population sensitive over what they perceive as a global assault by the westward world on their theology and faith, and both(prenominal) liberals and right wingers alike who feel that freedom of speech is unutterable and unassailable.As such, I have include news coverage from 3 distinct sources Al-Jazeera, commonly regarded as the media whiz of the Arab world BBC, one of the oldest and well-thought-of media institutions in the world and finally, a random daily newspaper from the linked States, to compare the news coverage regarding this controversial issue, and to identify any media bias, ostracise reporting or partisan reporting.Al- JazeeraThe link to the story can be found in the Works Cited section of this paper. We would expect from a antecedent basis that Al-Jazeera would typically play up the offensive temperament of the cartoons, cotton up the perceived insensitivities and double standards of the Western media vis--vis the cartoons and the Holocaust, as well as champion the rights of the Muslim world.Surprisingly, this is non the case. The news article quoted seemed to be factual sooner than opinionated in nature, quoting a variety of sources and viewpoints from both sides of the fence, from the Danish media and politicians to Hamas and other(a) Islamic militant groups. No underlying or latent propaga nda was spy indeed, negative quotes were enclosed in double quotes, and attributed to its source. The language used was non-inflammatory, cerebrate on facts and events, and there was no sozzled hint of an opinion piece.The closest the Al-Jazeera piece came to being biased was when it was reporting on the nature of the cartoons (drawings) at the nerve centre of the controversy. The descriptions used were accurate, non-misleading, and mildly strong. However, there was no mention of the Western world point of view, or of the fact that the combined cartoons at the heart of the controversy which were spread by Danish imams contained 3 additional (highly offensive) drawings not published by the Jyllands-Posten.I conclude that the Al-Jazeera piece, when factual in nature and non-inflammatory, seems more interested in presenting the reaction of the Muslim world as well as the threats made by them, when ignoring the Western point of view. there seemed to be an unusual emphasis on the n egative incidents such as attacks and boycotts that has occurred as a result of the backlash against the cartoons.BBCThe report by the BBC is by far the most accurate and objective. It presents inconsistencies on the actions and words on both parties (the Danish media and the Danish imams who incited the controversy), reporting in detail how an editor of the Jyllands-Posten rejected cartoons of Jesus Christ with the reason that they would offend. Impressively, the particular section also included (in brackets) a update in which a reader pointed out that the paper did publish a cartoon of the biblical Joseph in 2000, and thus queries wherefore the paper should be criticized over the rejection of the Jesus Christ cartoons, finally expiry with the editors (of the BBC report) explanation of why the inconsistency was still valid.A detailed account of how the initial cartoons failed to spark any major outrage, until a group of Danish imams made concentrated efforts to spark a controvers y by adding 3 cartoons which were highly offensive and insulting (more so that the current cartoons) and were not published by the Jyllands-Posten to a portfolio and touring various Middle easterly Arab leaders with them follows.The report finally ends with a reflection of the viewpoints and the reaction of both sides. I was very impressed with the objectivity of the reports, and the lengths to which the writer went to portray the inconsistencies of both parties. majuscule PostThe report by the Washington Post is reverberative of that by Al-Jazeera non-inflammatory, factual in nature, no underlying propaganda or strong language, and drawing from a wide variety of sources. However, whereas Al-Jazeeras report rivet solely on the reaction of the Muslim world, Washington Post report carried a fair balance of the reactions of both the Western world and the Muslim world. There was a balance in the strength of the opinions and announcements from both side, and so I find the Washington Post more balanced and objective, although the BBC outshines the Washington Post in this aspect. Works CitedReynolds, Paul. Cartoons Divisions and inconsistencies. BBC. Monday 13th February 2006 http//news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4708216.stm craze Grows Over Denmark Cartoons. Al-Jazeera.net. Tuesday 31st January 2006.Sullivan, Kevin. Muslims Fury Rages Unabated Over Cartoons. The Washington Post. Saturday eleventh February, 2006. http//www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/10/AR2006021001822.html

Nation Convention On The Rights Of The Child Education Essay

United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child ( UNCRC ) creates the knowingness of the predicaments of put one overs in poorness or who argon being discriminated against. Thus, issues refering to frys be abandoned mellower precedence during policy-making in supranational all(prenominal) microchip good as national dockets.UNCRC recognizes the kid as an person who is authorize to his rights as a member of the community. It sets the basic criterions for local authoritiess to grant for and to value the kids in footings of basic demands like wellness, nutrition, tuition and other facets. It was adopted by United Nations in 1989 as a creature to nurture the trump kayoed involvement of the kid and to guarantee that every(prenominal) kid enjoy affect rights to life, endurance and development. Since 1989, UNCRC has been adopted by all but two states. As states be obliged to do regular studies to the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, the responsibleness au thoritiess have incorrupt duties to supply for the kids as stated by the UNCRC. convey authoritiess are besides farther required to carry through authoritative demands when using for AIDSs from international bureaus. One of the conditions whitethorn be to supply for and to protect kids ( Bellamy, 2005 p.30 ) .In add-on, since the bend of the century, authorities extreme structures and international bureaus have focus largely on the rights of kids. Most of the United Nations ( UN ) millennium development ends are focused on the realisation of the rights of kids, such(prenominal) as to convey kids out of poorness, rights to wellness, endurance and commission ( Bellamy, 2005 p.8 Woodhead, 2007 as cited in Woodhead & A Moss, 2007 ) .Further to UNCRC statement on rights of instruction, the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child interprets instruction as kid s right to get a lineing and development which start from assume ( Woodhead, 2007 as cited in Woodhead & A Moss, 2007 ) . As such, much significance is given to Early puerility Education and Care ( ECEC ) in policies development globally.Surveies have shown intercession in archaeozoic childhood whitethorn be conditional relationant for the development of a kid. Early childhood instruction and assist ( ECEC ) may be referred to high quality attention for immature kids from birth. It involves educating parents to supply and care for kids in the facets of wellness, nutrition, larning and development ( Annan, 2001 p.63 ) . An baby, from the twenty-four hours he is born, needs quality attention. Inadequate nutrition and unwhole roughly life conditions may adversely impact a kid s development and ability to larn. As such, quality attention and instruction from birth may hold positive consequence on kids ability to larn ( Engle, 2009 as cited in Siraj-Blatchford & A Woodhead, 2009 ) . Children may hold rival hazard to function out of the poorness rhythm through ahead of time instruction as ear ly intercessions may hold positive benefits in the considerable tally ( Grantham-McGregor, 2009 as cited in Siraj-Blatchford & A Woodhead, 2009 Rosemberg & A Puntch, 2003 ) . Through early intercessions, these kids may be exposed to determine and cognition that may non be inculcated in their place. For illustration, they may larn societal and cognitive accomplishments which may be utile when they attend formal schooling. With the cognition and life accomplishments acquired in schools, they may be able to lend to their community. Therefore, ECEC may be utile tool for duty authoritiess and international bureaus to protect act in the best involvements of the kid and to protect kid s rights.Economic benefits may be generated from investings in ECEC. Governments and international bureaus invest in early childhood attention and instruction as the economic benefits generated from investing in ECEC will churn great additions in the hereafter because it may take down wellness and soc ietal hazards, like offense rates. Children who are gainfully engaged in learning may be able to lend to the economic system in future. Foreign investors may put in a state if on that point are skilled workers who are able to work in their industries. spend in kids will supply them with the necessary accomplishments to pull investings and to hike the economic system of the state ( Barnett as cited in Siraj-Blatchford & A Woodhead, 2009 ) .In symmetry to the non-discrimination rule in UNCRC, all kids may be given equal opportunities in life. Governments and international bureaus may be committed to guarantee all kids have the same rights to instruction. Every kid may hold a right to instruction as kids will larn cardinal values like moral and ethical values, acceptable attitudes in community every bit good as basic accomplishments. For illustration, if kids populating in poorness are non educated, they may non be able to achieve cognition to wait on them travel out of the poorn ess rhythm.There are different ECEC credit lines to provide to the demands of quaint community of kids. In developing states, female parents may necessitate to be educated on taking attention of their kids. For illustration, the mother-child instruction programme in Turkey provides others subscribe for female parents in footings of kid wellness issues. Mothers are taught to take attention of their kids and educates female parents on kid wellness, rearing accomplishments every bit good as to back up kid s development ( Annan, 2001 Bekman, 2009 as cited in Siraj-Blatchford & A Woodhead, 2009 ) . In real states where wellness attention are more proceedd, the kids may necessitate support in holistic development. In United Kingdom, the potent pre-school and primary instruction limit kids for primary schools ( Sylva, 2009 as cited in Siraj-Blatchford & A Woodhead, 2009 )Surveies have shown that the more legal programmes include all facets such as wellness, nutrition and develo pment every bit good as parental and community bout. Nimnicht ( 2009 ) as cited in Siraj-Blatchford & A Woodhead ( 2009 ) concur intercession programme for kids may be effectual if they is active engagement from all the stakeholders such as familes, communities and the regulating organic structures. This is in the instance of PROMESA in Columbia, whereby the households and communities are actively involved in the programmes. As such, UNCRC may do a difference if there are commitment and active engagement from regulating organic structures, international bureaus, communities and households to advance kid s right ( Woodhead, 2009 as cited in Siraj-Blatchford & A Woodhead, 2009 ) .It may be disputing to supply quality early childhood attention and instruction to battle poorness. The province of kids s wellness and development are adversely affected in kids populating in poorness. The relevancy of early childhood supposititious accounts, societal and cultural context, co-ordination within households, communities and authorities organic structures play an of import function in developing appropriate intercession programme to assist kids in poorness ( Woodhead, 2006 Siraj-Blatchford & A Woodhead, 2009 ) .For illustration, in the instance of a developed state, like USA, one of the aims of ECEC is to enable adult females to hold equal engagement in the work force and to enable kids to larn and socialise ( Penn, 2005 ) . As early intercession to control poorness may non be the head precedence, ECEC is left to private operators which result in inequalities in quality of programme ( Tayler, 2009 as cited in Siraj-Blatchford & A Woodhead, 2009 ) .In compare of quality and entree as private sectors tend to provide to the flush and non put up in poorer parts of the states. For illustration, in USA, ECEC is left to single suppliers so the quality of attention and instruction is variable and there is unjust entree to these services ( Penn, 2005 ) . individual(a) supp liers are besides more likely to put up ECEC Centres in urban countries and this may be incompatible with the authorities purpose to supply quality instruction for all kids.In the instance of a underdevelop state, like Malawi, the ECEC set up in rural countries are community-based with abject plan and unqualified staff. Policies develop at national degree may non be implemented consequently at land degree due to miss of resources. There may be unqualified instructors, irrelevant course of study every bit good as deficiency of support from the households and community. For illustration, the kids may necessitate to work to back up the households. In some instances where there is AIDS in the households, they may be ostracized by the communities and accordingly ECEC programmes may non be accessible to them ( Clark & A Tucker, 2010 ) . As such, the effectivity of early childhood instruction and attention may non be positive and wherefore kids in some of the poorest states may non p rofit from UNCRC.In the twelvemonth 2000, UN millenary development ends were established to better the societal and economic conditions of developing states ( Bellamy, 2005 ) . bulk of the ends were related to kids and are expected to be achieved by 2015. Some of these ends include cut downing poorness, bettering wellness and life conditions, primary instruction, gender equality and households. However, statistics have shown that there has non been much betterment since these ends were set. Childs are still populating in poorness and hapless wellness. Diseases such as HIV, TB and malaria are preponderating ( Bellamy, 2005 ) .International bureaus have been working with some of the poorest states to guarantee that precedences of international AIDSs go to kids for wellness and development. These strategies have non been successful due to hapless co-operation between province and local authoritiess and the communities ( Bellamy, 2005 ) .Although many states have become more flush in t he last decennary, the hapless still remain hapless as the stretch out between the rich and hapless states widen. This may be due to slump in international AIDSs, struggles and war every bit good as to inappropriate usage of supports province authoritiess. Therefore kids in poorness may still be populating in hapless conditions ( Annan, 2001 ) .UNCRC may be an international jurisprudence, besides, the legal legal power in the states which have adopted it, it calls upon the moral duties by province authorities for enforcement ( Annan, 2001 ) . In order for UNCRC to do a difference to kids, province authoritiess and international bureaus must be committed puting kids in first precedence. All determinations in nation-building every bit good as economic growing should be considered with the rights of kids in head. In add-on, all stakeholders, such as, international bureaus, authorities organic structures, communities, households and kids need to play their portion in accomplishing the aims set by UNCRC.

No Place Like Home? Essay

Many race eternally command to live a better life. Some even search for a while to find what they argon looking for. How constantly, in this case the Haitian people ar assaying asylum help from the US organization in order to put one across a better living musical mode than back in their country. Therefore, the problem is that the Haitian asylum seekers argon not forceting the real help they need and isnt being interact well by the government. Danticat is reporting on what is happening to these people who perform for help and how they are all mistreated. Danticats set about is to get the lecturers to translate the Haitian people and to get to feel for them as they struggle to seek a better living style therefore she convinces her readers by her sizable tactual sensation, appeals, and connotative language. She starts reach her essay by describing what the area is like and how it link up to her from years ago when she went to visit this define.She then describes it b y using tone of voice to really express the way of the people talking to her and to cope a bit of their stories being told. She states The women in that hotel also told us how sextette of them must live together in one room, how some of them were coerce to sleep on the floor when there wasnt enough quadriceps on the beds or couches. They told us how they missed their declare clothes and visual perception their children play in the sun, how they had perhaps been wrong ab reveal America. This shows that she feels for what the people are experiencing and going through. However, Danticat misses some points on how the tone of voice really speaks out and the true intent behind the words, only speaks out the point of fancy of the people and not all of the intent behind the words. Thus she in the first place shows how the Haitian peoples lives are and how they manage to survive this hell. During this only essay, Danticat shows a lot of perceptional appeal to get the readers sympath y towards these people.She does it in a way to show not a lot emotion, but to stay neutral in her feelings and let the feelings get to the reader so then they locoweed ascribe with the people and have a feel for their lives. While she mentioned her uncle, she tried not to put too a great deal emotion towards his side of the story because if there is too much emotion the reader will not feel much into it and only the informant is expressing how she feels rather than what the story has to offer. This neutral emotional appeal will get the readers more interested, rather than read on about emotions and get off topic of the essay. She did a good job on this because then she canful get the readers to feel more sympathy for these Haitian people pursuit for help because they cant even survive in their own country.Besides the tone of voice and the appeals, Danticat uses connotative language to defend her purpose about how the government is treating the Haitian people. She mentions so mething one man told her, If mad dogs are chasing you, shouldnt your neighbor trade protection you? When people estimate of mad dogs, they think of dogs that will attack when they see anything and the dogs represent the viciousness of the country Haiti and the shelter is the US government that is suppose to have a open doorsill to help these people and protect them from harm. It can also show how the American government is very deceiving in how they offer up opportunities. She entrusts to assume that the readers can already have an image in their head on how these people are doing and have a sense to feel for them.The best dodging that Danticat use is the emotional appeal. It is being used throughout the whole essay and has showed little or neutral feelings towards the essay to ensure the interest of the readers and the readers to have their own feelings and thoughts on the essay itself. Her primary goal was to get the readers to connect and sympathize for the Haitian people a nd to much care about what they are going through. Towards the end of Danticats essay she mentions, Will America ever learn again how to protect itself without sacrificing a great many impoverished lives? So that my uncles did not die in vain, I really hope so. Many of the people risk their lives to come to a better place and to start all over again, but there will always be a price to pay. The American government shouldnt be that harsh on those only wanting to seek help. If people truly see what their situation is, things will be different in wrong of wanting to make a difference for a better hope.

Biochip

pic (Life on a Chip) (PAPER UNDER THE THEMEBIOCOMPUTING & INFORMATICS) ABSTRACT A wholeness electronic card whitethorn re military post e precisething in your wallet including. . . . . . your gold . . . your assign cards . . . your ATM card . . . your ID cards . . . your insurance . . . and your disembodied spirit future(a) One card, or one patch, with your life on it. Bio acts-The nigh enkindle future engineering science is an outcome of the fields of Computer science, electronics & Biology.Its a freshly role of bio- guarantor device to accurately class information regarding what a mortal is doing, and who is to accurately track information regarding what he is doing, and who is actually doing it. Its no much require with bio bunks the good old idea of retention scratchy PINs, Passwords, & Social security system considers . No much matters of carrying riseness check exam records to a hospital, No more capital/credit card carrying to the merchandise place e trulything goes insert in the trash. Every thing goes digitalized. No more hawker tricks on the internet.Biochip has a transformation proficiency for secured E-money legal proceeding on the net. The power of biochips exists in content of locating bemused children, d accepted soldiers, and global Alzheimer patients. Our contri neverthe s wakefulions to this paper lie in the aspects of execution of Glucose detector in Biochips Implementation of oxygen detector in Biochips 4. Implementation of riptide insisting sensing element in Biochips 5. Proposal of theme for the typical theft line face up by the Biochips The quatern contributions read been discussed in detail with the proposed principles for murder of the concepts.A impartial ID chip is already walking around in tens of thousands of individuals, but all of them ar pets. Companies such as AVID (Norco, Calif. ), electronic ID, Inc. (Cleburne, TX. ), and Electronic realisation Devices, Ltd. (Santa Barbara, Cal if. ) sell both the chips and the detectors. The chips atomic spell 18 of the size of an uncooked cereal of rice, crushed enough to be injected under the fur employ a sodium thiosulphate syringe needle. They respond to a signal from the detector, held good a few feet forward, by gestateting out an credit turning. This make sense is then(prenominal) compargond to entropybase listings of registered pets.The Biochip tagging for humans has already startedRush out for your tag door- Biochips ar any microprocessor chips that substructure be used in Biology. The biochip technology was originally developed in 1983 for supervise deviceing fisheries, its use straight off accepts, everyplace 300 zoos, oer 80 government agencies in at to the lowest degree 20 countries, pets (everything from lizards to dogs), electronic branding of horses, monitoring lab animals, fisheries, menace wildlife, automobiles, garnish tracking, hazardous waste, and humans. Biochips are sile ntly inching into humans.For instance, at least 6 jillion medical devices, such as artificial body split (prosthetic devices), white meat imbeds, chin implants, etc. , are embed in concourse separately year. And somewhat of these medical devices are carrying a surprise thickening a biochip. In 1993, the Food and Drug Administration passed the Safe medical checkup Devices adaption Act of 1993, requiring all artificial body implants to have plant designation the biochip. So, the yearly, 6 million recipients of prosthetic devices and breast implants are biochipped. To date, over 7 million animals have been chipped.The major biochip companies are A. V. I. D. (Ameri fag Veterinary appellative Devices), Trovan Identification Systems, and Destron-Fearing Corporation. THE BIOCHIP TECHNOLOGY The current, in use, biochip implant system is actually a sanely simple device. Todays, biochip implant is basically a low-down (micro) figurer chip, inserted under the skin, for app ointment purposes. The biochip system is radio frequency identification (RFID) system, development low-frequency radio signals to reach between the biochip and referee. THE BIOCHIP IMPLANT SYSTEM CONSISTS OF devil COMPONENTS pic pic prospect OF THE ACTUAL SIZE THE TRANSPONDER The transponder is the actual biochip implant. It is a passive transponder, moment it books no battery or energy of its own. In comparison, an active transponder would offer its own energy source, normally a small battery.Because the passive biochip contains no battery, or nothing to wear out, it has a very long life, up to 99 years, and no maintenance. Being passive, its inactive until the subscriber activates it by forwarding it a low-power electrical charge. The reader reads or s poops the implanted biochip and receives stand data (in this event an identification total) from the biochip. The communication between biochip and reader is via low-frequency radio waves. The biochip transpond er consists of four separate 1. computer Microchip The microchip ancestrys a unique identification number from 10 to 15 digits long.The storage capacity of the current microchips is limited, undetermined of storing except a single ID number. AVID (Ameri weed Veterinary Identification Devices), claims their chips, using an nnn-nnn-nnn format, has the capability of over 70 trillion unique numbers. The unique ID number is etched or en recruitd via a laser onto the surface of the microchip in the lead assembly. in one case the number is encoded it is insurmountable to alter. The microchip too contains the electronic circuitry prerequisite to transmit the ID number to the reader. 2. Antenna Coil This is normally a simple, hand-build of copper wire around a ferrite or press out core.This is little primitive radio antenna receives and trusts signals from the reader or s give the gatener. 3. adjust electrical capacity The capacitor stores the small electrical charge (less than 1/ potassium of a watt) brand by the reader or scanner, which activates the transponder. This activating allows the transponder to send back the ID number encoded in the computer chip. Because radio waves are employ to pass along between the transponder and reader, the capacitor is tuned to the same frequency as the reader. 4. water ice condensing The starter capsulate houses the microchip, antenna ringlet butterfly and capacitor.It is a small capsule, the smallest bill 11 mm in length and 2 mm in diameter, almost the size of an uncooked grain of rice. The capsule is do of biocompatible textile such as soda lime glass. After assembly, the capsule is hermetically (air-tight) sealed, so no bodily fluids can touch the electronics inside. Because the glass is very smooth and susceptible to movement, a material such as a polypropylene polymer display case is attached to one end of the capsule. This sheath provides a compatible surface which the bodily tissue fibers bond or interconnect, resulting in a unceasing placement of the biochip. BIOCHIP AND SYRINGE pic The biochip is inserted into the subject with a hypodermic syringe. Injection is safe and simple, comparable to common vaccines. Anesthesia is not requisite nor recommended. In dogs and cats, the biochip is usually injected behind the neck between the raise blades. Trovan, Ltd. , securities industrys an implant, featuring a patented zip quill, which you simply press in, no syringe is needed. According to AVID formerly implanted, the identity tag is to the lavishlyest degree impossible to retrieve. . The number can never be altered. THE READER The reader consists of an exciter coil which creates an electromagnetic field that, via radio signals, provides the necessary energy (less than 1/ metre of a watt) to excite or activate the implanted biochip. The reader excessively carries a receiving coil that receives the transmitted code or ID number sent back from the activated implanted bi ochip. This all get hold ofs place very immediate, in milliseconds. The reader in addition contains the software and personas to decode the get code and parade the result in an LCD display.The reader can include a RS-232 port to attach a computer. WORKING OF A BIOCHIP The reader generates a low-power, electromagnetic field, in this case via radio signals, which activates the implanted biochip. This activation enables the biochip to send the ID code back to the reader via radio signals. The reader amplifies the received code, converts it to digital format, decodes and displays the ID number on the readers LCD display. The reader must normally be between 2 and 12 inches near the biochip to communicate. The reader and biochip can communicate through most materials, except metal.THE APPLICATIONS 1. With a biochip tracing of a someone/animal , anywhere in the conception is possible once the reader is connected to the internet, satellite and a centralized database is maintained about the biochipped creatures, It is unceasingly possible to trace out the personality intended. 2. A biochip can store and update monetary, medical, demographic data, basically everything about a person An implanted biochip can be scanned to pay for groceries, obtain medical procedures, and take over financial transactions.Currently, the in use, implanted biochips barely store one 10 to 15 digits. If biochips are designed to accommodate with more read-only storage & barge in at that place is definitely an opportunity. A biochip leads to a secured E-Commerce systems Its a fact the gentlemans gentleman is very quickly going to a digital or E-economy, through the Internet. It is expected that by 2008, 60% of the Business transactions impart be performed through the Internet. The E-money future, however, isnt necessarily secure. The Internet wasnt built to be gird Knox. In the wrong hands, this powerful tool can turn grave.Hackers have already broken into bank files that w ere 100% secure. A biochip is the possible radical to the identification and security dilemma faced by the digital economy. This type of impertinent bio-security device is capable of accurately tracking information regarding what users are doing, and who are to accurately track information regarding what users are doing, and who is actually doing it. Biochips unfeignedly are potent in replacing passports, cash, medical records The really provide biochip systems can replace cash, passports, medical & other recordsIts no more required to carry wallet full cash, credit/ATM cards, passports & medical records to the market place. Payment system, authentication procedures may all be make by the mode Biochips. 4. Medicinal implementations of Biochips A New Era Proposed by us 1. Biochip as Glucose Detector The Biochip can be integrated with a glucose detector. The chip impart allow diabetics to easily monitor the level of the lollipop glucose in their subscriber line. Diabetics c urrently use a skin prick and a take hold blood screen, and then medicate themselves with insulin depending on the result.The system is simple and industrial plant well, but the need to draw blood means that most diabetics dont test themselves as often as they should. Although they may get away with this in the short term, in later life those who monitored infrequently suffer from blindness, firing of circulation, and other complications. The solution is more frequent testing, using a less invasive method. The biochip will sit underneath the skin, sense the glucose level, and send the result back out by radio-frequency communication. Proposed principle of Glucose detectionA light-emitting diode (LED) in the biochip starts off the detection process. The light that it produces hits a fluorescent fixture fixture chemic one that absorbs incoming light and re-emits it at a interminable wavelength. The thirster wavelength of light is then detected, and the result is sent to a atte nd display panel outside the body. Glucose is detected because the sugar reduces the amount of light that the fluorescent chemical substance re-emits. The more glucose at that place is the less light that is detected. Biochip as atomic number 8 detector The biochip can also be integrated with an group O demodulator .The oxygen sensor will be useful not only to monitor breathing in intensive business concern units, but also to fit out that packages of food, or containers of semiconductors stored under nitrogen gas, remain airtight. Proposed principal of Oxygen sensor in Biochip The oxygen-sensing chip sends light pulses out into the body. The light is confined to varying extents, depending on how much oxygen is being carried in the blood, and the chip detects the light that is left. The rushes of blood pumped by the heart are also detected, so the same chip is a pulse monitor. 2.Biochip as an Blood imperativeness sensor In normal situations, The Blood twinge of a lusty Huma n being is 120/80 mm of Hg. A hale ratio lower than this is said to be Low BP aim & A Pressure ratio more than this is High BP condition. Serious personal effects will be reflected in humans during Low & High BP conditions it may sometimes cause the death of a Person. Blood Pressure is canvas with BP appliance in Hospitals and this is done only when the patient is abnormal. However, a incessant monitoring of BP is required in the aged volume & Patients.A considerable variety of hardware circuitry (sensors) is available in electronics to detect the flow rate of fluid. Its continuously possible to embed this type of sensors into a biochip. An integration of Pressure (Blood Flow) sleuthing circuits with the Biochip can make the chip to continuously monitor the blood flow rate & when the pressure is in its low or high extremes it can be at once informed through the reader hence to take up remedial measures. Typical Problem of Biochips A Solution Proposed The work Problem before the worldA chip implant would contain a persons financial world, medical history, health care it would contain his electronic life. If cash no thirster existed and if the worlds economy was totally chip oriented there would be a huge black-market for chips Since there is no cash and no other bartering system, criminals would cut off hands and heads, stealing rich-folks chips. It is very dangerous because once kidnappers get to know about these chips, they will skin people to find them, (New York Times, June 20, 1999)The typical solutions wont work well are already proposed by different people The Biochip must hold up data only if it is placed in a fluid fair wish well blood & not in any other medium. This technique is undesirable for identification of late(prenominal) bodies (murdered by the kidnappers) as it loses the data about the cordial security number. 3. The data in the Biochip must be erased if it is heart-to-heart to sunlight/air. This technique is unsuitab le as transplantation of biochip from genuine to the machination in darkness (by means of infrared light) or in the senselessness (by means of oxygen cylinders). And many such.Our key The solution Proposed by me A generic & existing model of Biochips consists of only ROM component in it and is capable of accommodating the data such as kindly security number, Passport number, bankcard number etc. , which are normally permanent in nature. The induction of poke component in addition to ROM & storing the Bankcard, financial details which causes the problem is a mere solution. As beat in necessitate to be continuously charged inorder to retain the data, Current can be supplied to the chip either from the electrical energy produced in the cells or by converting the heat energy in our body to electrical energy.Once if the chip is taken out from the human body RAM immediately loses the king supply from the human body thus information in the RAM is lost and therefore is useless for t he kidnappers. However this technique will not affect the data in ROM i. e. Social security number that can be used to detect the address of the dead bodies that were unidentified. remnant The Cyber Future InfoTech will be implanted in our bodies. A chip implanted somewhere in human bodies might dish as a combination of credit card, passport, drivers license, personal diary.No lengthy would it be needed to worry about losing the credit cards season traveling. A chip inserted into human bodies might also give us supererogatory mental power. The really fascinating idea is under fast track research but were close. The day in which we have chips embedded in our skins is not too far from now. This is science fictionalization stuff. This is a authorized example to prove science really starts s with fiction. BIBLOGRAPHY- www. mrgco. com www. anl. gov www. freepatentsonline. comBiochippic (Life on a Chip) (PAPER UNDER THE THEMEBIOCOMPUTING & INFORMATICS) ABSTRACT A single electroni c card may replace everything in your wallet including. . . . . . your cash . . . your credit cards . . . your ATM card . . . your ID cards . . . your insurance . . . and your life FUTURE One card, or one chip, with your life on it. Biochips-The most exciting future technology is an outcome of the fields of Computer science, Electronics & Biology.Its a new type of bio-security device to accurately track information regarding what a person is doing, and who is to accurately track information regarding what he is doing, and who is actually doing it. Its no more required with biochips the good old idea of remembering pesky PINs, Passwords, & Social security numbers . No more matters of carrying medical records to a hospital, No more cash/credit card carrying to the market place everything goes embedded in the chip. Every thing goes digitalized. No more hawker tricks on the internet.Biochip has a variety technique for secured E-money transactions on the net. The power of biochips exist s in capability of locating lost children, downed soldiers, and wandering Alzheimer patients. Our contributions to this paper lie in the aspects of Implementation of Glucose detector in Biochips Implementation of Oxygen sensor in Biochips 4. Implementation of Blood pressure sensor in Biochips 5. Proposal of Solution for the typical theft problem faced by the Biochips The four contributions have been discussed in detail with the proposed principles for implementation of the concepts.A simple ID chip is already walking around in tens of thousands of individuals, but all of them are pets. Companies such as AVID (Norco, Calif. ), Electronic ID, Inc. (Cleburne, TX. ), and Electronic Identification Devices, Ltd. (Santa Barbara, Calif. ) sell both the chips and the detectors. The chips are of the size of an uncooked grain of rice, small enough to be injected under the skin using a hypodermic syringe needle. They respond to a signal from the detector, held just a few feet away, by transmitt ing out an identification number. This number is then compared to database listings of registered pets.The Biochip tagging for humans has already startedRush out for your tag INTRODUCTION- Biochips are any microprocessor chips that can be used in Biology. The biochip technology was originally developed in 1983 for monitoring fisheries, its use now includes, over 300 zoos, over 80 government agencies in at least 20 countries, pets (everything from lizards to dogs), electronic branding of horses, monitoring lab animals, fisheries, endangered wildlife, automobiles, garment tracking, hazardous waste, and humans. Biochips are silently inching into humans.For instance, at least 6 million medical devices, such as artificial body parts (prosthetic devices), breast implants, chin implants, etc. , are implanted in people each year. And most of these medical devices are carrying a surprise guest a biochip. In 1993, the Food and Drug Administration passed the Safe Medical Devices Registration Act of 1993, requiring all artificial body implants to have implanted identification the biochip. So, the yearly, 6 million recipients of prosthetic devices and breast implants are biochipped. To date, over 7 million animals have been chipped.The major biochip companies are A. V. I. D. (American Veterinary Identification Devices), Trovan Identification Systems, and Destron-Fearing Corporation. THE BIOCHIP TECHNOLOGY The current, in use, biochip implant system is actually a fairly simple device. Todays, biochip implant is basically a small (micro) computer chip, inserted under the skin, for identification purposes. The biochip system is radio frequency identification (RFID) system, using low-frequency radio signals to communicate between the biochip and reader. THE BIOCHIP IMPLANT SYSTEM CONSISTS OF TWO COMPONENTS pic pic PERSPECTIVE OF THE ACTUAL SIZE THE TRANSPONDER The transponder is the actual biochip implant. It is a passive transponder, meaning it contains no battery or e nergy of its own. In comparison, an active transponder would provide its own energy source, normally a small battery.Because the passive biochip contains no battery, or nothing to wear out, it has a very long life, up to 99 years, and no maintenance. Being passive, its inactive until the reader activates it by direct it a low-power electrical charge. The reader reads or scans the implanted biochip and receives back data (in this case an identification number) from the biochip. The communication between biochip and reader is via low-frequency radio waves. The biochip transponder consists of four parts 1. computer Microchip The microchip stores a unique identification number from 10 to 15 digits long.The storage capacity of the current microchips is limited, capable of storing only a single ID number. AVID (American Veterinary Identification Devices), claims their chips, using an nnn-nnn-nnn format, has the capability of over 70 trillion unique numbers. The unique ID number is etched or encoded via a laser onto the surface of the microchip before assembly. Once the number is encoded it is impossible to alter. The microchip also contains the electronic circuitry necessary to transmit the ID number to the reader. 2. Antenna Coil This is normally a simple, coil of copper wire around a ferrite or iron core.This is tiny primitive radio antenna receives and sends signals from the reader or scanner. 3. Tuning Capacitor The capacitor stores the small electrical charge (less than 1/1000 of a watt) sent by the reader or scanner, which activates the transponder. This activation allows the transponder to send back the ID number encoded in the computer chip. Because radio waves are utilized to communicate between the transponder and reader, the capacitor is tuned to the same frequency as the reader. 4. Glass Capsule The glass capsule houses the microchip, antenna coil and capacitor.It is a small capsule, the smallest measuring 11 mm in length and 2 mm in diameter, about the size of an uncooked grain of rice. The capsule is made of biocompatible material such as soda lime glass. After assembly, the capsule is hermetically (air-tight) sealed, so no bodily fluids can touch the electronics inside. Because the glass is very smooth and susceptible to movement, a material such as a polypropylene polymer sheath is attached to one end of the capsule. This sheath provides a compatible surface which the bodily tissue fibers bond or interconnect, resulting in a permanent placement of the biochip. BIOCHIP AND SYRINGE pic The biochip is inserted into the subject with a hypodermic syringe. Injection is safe and simple, comparable to common vaccines. Anesthesia is not required nor recommended. In dogs and cats, the biochip is usually injected behind the neck between the shoulder blades. Trovan, Ltd. , markets an implant, featuring a patented zip quill, which you simply press in, no syringe is needed. According to AVID Once implanted, the identity tag is virtually i mpossible to retrieve. . The number can never be altered. THE READER The reader consists of an exciter coil which creates an electromagnetic field that, via radio signals, provides the necessary energy (less than 1/1000 of a watt) to excite or activate the implanted biochip. The reader also carries a receiving coil that receives the transmitted code or ID number sent back from the activated implanted biochip. This all takes place very fast, in milliseconds. The reader also contains the software and components to decode the received code and display the result in an LCD display.The reader can include a RS-232 port to attach a computer. WORKING OF A BIOCHIP The reader generates a low-power, electromagnetic field, in this case via radio signals, which activates the implanted biochip. This activation enables the biochip to send the ID code back to the reader via radio signals. The reader amplifies the received code, converts it to digital format, decodes and displays the ID number on t he readers LCD display. The reader must normally be between 2 and 12 inches near the biochip to communicate. The reader and biochip can communicate through most materials, except metal.THE APPLICATIONS 1. With a biochip tracing of a person/animal , anywhere in the world is possible Once the reader is connected to the internet, satellite and a centralized database is maintained about the biochipped creatures, It is always possible to trace out the personality intended. 2. A biochip can store and update financial, medical, demographic data, basically everything about a person An implanted biochip can be scanned to pay for groceries, obtain medical procedures, and conduct financial transactions.Currently, the in use, implanted biochips only store one 10 to 15 digits. If biochips are designed to accommodate with more ROM & RAM there is definitely an opportunity. A biochip leads to a secured E-Commerce systems Its a fact the world is very quickly going to a digital or E-economy, through the Internet. It is expected that by 2008, 60% of the Business transactions will be performed through the Internet. The E-money future, however, isnt necessarily secure. The Internet wasnt built to be Fort Knox. In the wrong hands, this powerful tool can turn dangerous.Hackers have already broken into bank files that were 100% secure. A biochip is the possible solution to the identification and security dilemma faced by the digital economy. This type of new bio-security device is capable of accurately tracking information regarding what users are doing, and who are to accurately track information regarding what users are doing, and who is actually doing it. Biochips really are potent in replacing passports, cash, medical records The really powered biochip systems can replace cash, passports, medical & other recordsIts no more required to carry wallet full cash, credit/ATM cards, passports & medical records to the market place. Payment system, authentication procedures may all be do ne by the means Biochips. 4. Medicinal implementations of Biochips A New Era Proposed by us 1. Biochip as Glucose Detector The Biochip can be integrated with a glucose detector. The chip will allow diabetics to easily monitor the level of the sugar glucose in their blood. Diabetics currently use a skin prick and a hand-held blood test, and then medicate themselves with insulin depending on the result.The system is simple and works well, but the need to draw blood means that most diabetics dont test themselves as often as they should. Although they may get away with this in the short term, in later life those who monitored infrequently suffer from blindness, loss of circulation, and other complications. The solution is more frequent testing, using a less invasive method. The biochip will sit underneath the skin, sense the glucose level, and send the result back out by radio-frequency communication. Proposed principle of Glucose detectionA light-emitting diode (LED) in the biochip s tarts off the detection process. The light that it produces hits a fluorescent chemical one that absorbs incoming light and re-emits it at a longer wavelength. The longer wavelength of light is then detected, and the result is sent to a control panel outside the body. Glucose is detected because the sugar reduces the amount of light that the fluorescent chemical re-emits. The more glucose there is the less light that is detected. Biochip as Oxygen sensor The biochip can also be integrated with an oxygen sensor .The oxygen sensor will be useful not only to monitor breathing in intensive care units, but also to check that packages of food, or containers of semiconductors stored under nitrogen gas, remain airtight. Proposed principal of Oxygen sensor in Biochip The oxygen-sensing chip sends light pulses out into the body. The light is absorbed to varying extents, depending on how much oxygen is being carried in the blood, and the chip detects the light that is left. The rushes of blood pumped by the heart are also detected, so the same chip is a pulse monitor. 2.Biochip as an Blood Pressure sensor In normal situations, The Blood Pressure of a healthy Human being is 120/80 mm of Hg. A Pressure ratio lower than this is said to be Low BP condition & A Pressure ratio more than this is High BP condition. Serious Effects will be reflected in humans during Low & High BP conditions it may sometimes cause the death of a Person. Blood Pressure is checked with BP Apparatus in Hospitals and this is done only when the patient is abnormal. However, a continuous monitoring of BP is required in the aged people & Patients.A huge variety of hardware circuitry (sensors) is available in electronics to detect the flow of fluid. Its always possible to embed this type of sensors into a biochip. An integration of Pressure (Blood Flow) detecting circuits with the Biochip can make the chip to continuously monitor the blood flow rate & when the pressure is in its low or high extremes it c an be immediately informed through the reader hence to take up remedial measures. Typical Problem of Biochips A Solution Proposed The Lock Problem before the worldA chip implant would contain a persons financial world, medical history, health care it would contain his electronic life. If cash no longer existed and if the worlds economy was totally chip oriented there would be a huge black-market for chips Since there is no cash and no other bartering system, criminals would cut off hands and heads, stealing rich-folks chips. It is very dangerous because once kidnappers get to know about these chips, they will skin people to find them, (New York Times, June 20, 1999)The typical solutions wont work well are already proposed by different people The Biochip must retain data only if it is placed in a fluid medium like blood & not in any other medium. This technique is unsuitable for identification of dead bodies (murdered by the kidnappers) as it loses the data about the social securi ty number. 3. The data in the Biochip must be erased if it is exposed to sunlight/air. This technique is unsuitable as transplantation of biochip from genuine to the fraud in darkness (by means of infrared light) or in the vacuum (by means of oxygen cylinders). And many such.Our key The solution Proposed by me A generic & existing model of Biochips consists of only ROM component in it and is capable of accommodating the data such as social security number, Passport number, bankcard number etc. , which are normally permanent in nature. The induction of RAM component in addition to ROM & storing the Bankcard, Financial details which causes the problem is a mere solution. As RAM needs to be continuously charged inorder to retain the data, Current can be supplied to the chip either from the electrical energy produced in the cells or by converting the heat energy in our body to electrical energy.Once if the chip is taken out from the human body RAM immediately loses the Power supply from the human body thus information in the RAM is lost and therefore is useless for the kidnappers. However this technique will not affect the data in ROM i. e. Social security number that can be used to detect the address of the dead bodies that were unidentified. CONCLUSION The Cyber Future InfoTech will be implanted in our bodies. A chip implanted somewhere in human bodies might serve as a combination of credit card, passport, drivers license, personal diary.No longer would it be needed to worry about losing the credit cards while traveling. A chip inserted into human bodies might also give us extra mental power. The really fascinating idea is under fast track research but were close. The day in which we have chips embedded in our skins is not too far from now. This is science fiction stuff. This is a true example to prove science really starts s with fiction. BIBLOGRAPHY- www. mrgco. com www. anl. gov www. freepatentsonline. com